Psychological review Essay Example for Free

Psychological review EssayThis interesting movie had many persuade and turns that always kept you on the edge of your seat. The mysterious ending could have been interrupted in a variety of different views depending on the person ceremonial the movie. The psychological role of the movie was tremendous, with patients ranging from paranoid schizophrenia to multiple personality disorders. The patients in the Manhattan Institute are suffering from various different disorders. The patient Prot was a delusional person that also suffered from PTSD. He thinks hes from an otherwise planet, and many other of the patients are starting to believe him. Bess is another patient that is in a state of depression called paraiod schizophrenia and psychotic depression. Maria is a patient that is suffering from Multiple Personality Order. Her personalities vary form one to another. Howie is a patient that is on tranquilizers, and he has a desire for perfection. He spends most his time reading dicti onaries and encyclopedias which enables him in his mind to speak without any mistakes. Prot is to be say from another planet, K-Pax. The evidence that is supporting his statement would be numerous events in the movie.First, he gave an entire map of his solar system and the exact coordinates. It was an amazing baring that no other astronomer has yet discovered in our time. Next would be when the scientist said that Prot could see ultraviolet light, no human being fuck see this light. Also when Prot talked to the doctors dog about the kids sneaking up on the dog that the dog did not like that and the dog told him that which he talked to the kids about not sneaking up on the dog from the left side because he was hard of hearing in that ear.Prot said that he was breathing out on a trip to Iceland and Greenland. The doctor didnt believe him but Prot was missing for a couple of days. When he said he was going stern to his planet at that exact time and date, a light came into the room and messed up all the security systems. Also Bess was missing because he said he was going to take one person back with him. After this incident Prot didnt have to wear his sunglasses, and didnt talk at all. All of the other patients didnt recognize him at all.Also where Robert Potter lived near Roswell, New Mexico, which is a place where extraterrestrial beings have been spotted. Also after Robert killed the rapist and murderer he went down to kill himself in the river. The movie never really gives you the exact answer you are looking for as far as if he was an alien or not, it leaves the viewer to determine their own answer. All in All, k-pax is still one of my favorite movies just because of the psychological elements behind it.

1776 by David McCullough Essay Example for Free

1776 by David McCullough EssayRevered historian David McCullough covers the martial side of the historic year of 1776 with feature insight and an enthralling description, appending new research and an innovative standpoint to the foundation of the American Revolution. It was a tumultuous and bewildering time. As British and American officials fought to make a negotiation, incidents on the ground escalated until war was unavoidable.McCullough writes gaudily about the depressing conditions that herds on both sides had to bear, embracing a bizarrely ruthless winter, and the job that luck and the quirks of the climate play in assisting the regal forces hold off the worlds supreme militia. He also successfully discovers the magnitude of enthusiasm and troop self-confidence a knot was the homogeneous as a triumph to the Americans, while anything other than crushing victory was off-putting to the British, who projected a quick finish to the combat The redcoat aim from Boston, for i nstance, was principally mortifying for the British, whereas the negligible American win at Trenton was overstated unheeding of its partial strategic importance.In his latest book, 1776, David McCullough wields on this hearty year the narrative gifts he is expressed in such fascinating accounts as The Great Bridge plus The Path between the Seas. As a olden times of the American Revolution, it is an improbably abridged volume critical developments leading to the insurrection like the Stamp Act, which occur to fall external the boundaries of Mr. McCulloughs harsh time outline, ar not observed, and succeeding episodes of the war (which would keep on after the Trenton-Princeton crusade for an added half-dozen traumatic years) are overlooked as well. Quantities of the strongest courses in 1776 are the illuminating and well-formed descriptions of the Georges on either sides of the Atlantic. King George III, so often represented as a shambling, haughty fool, is given an additional atte ntive discussion by McCullough, who reveals that the king deemed the settlers to be ill-tempered subjects without valid gripes an outlook that led him to underrate the will and aptitudes of the Americans. Now and then he seems dazed that war was regular(a) obligatory.The great Washington meets his substantial status in these pages, and McCullough hinges on private association to balance the man and the fable, disclosing how severely concerned Washington was about the Americans chances for success, regardless of his public sanguinity. Perhaps more than any other man, he recognized how providential they were to simply carry on the year, and he gladly places the responsibility for their separatrix in the hands of God in lieu of his own. Enchanting and terrifically written, 1776 is the work of a skilled historian. 1776 is least valuable, nevertheless, at conveying the interior of closely war narratives combat. The initial, and best, hundred pages focus on the cordon of Boston, an o verwrought but almost bloodless issue. When the action transfers to New York, the narrative sagged. McCullough writes with great lucidity regarding the composite play between Manhattan, Long Island and Westchester County in the summer and fall of 1776. But when battle blasts, the action turns out to be hindered in stock images. 1776 is even so an emotive and sensible work, reminding us that its armed forces rather than tavern nationalists and turbulent politicians who have constantly paid the price of American optimism and determined its victories.Works CitedMcCullough, David, (May 24, 2005), 1776, Simon Schuster ISBN 0743226712.

Benefits of Organizational Reflection

Benefits of organisational contemplationA successful institution croup be described as thinking and seeing validation. such(prenominal) organizations are characterized by high take aims of data flow and awareness among all its fellow members. The availability of information improves the awareness and understanding of organisational weaknesses, strengths, threats and opportunities (Reynolds and Vince 2004). The organization members are also able to understand the history and strategic future plans for their organization as fountainhead as full awareness of the resources within the organization and the changing competitor environs. On the other(a) hand, a thinking organization is an understanding organization that has a easy stipulated vision, mission, objectives and the business environment that are well understood by all the stakeholders. Many organizational businesses collapse because they lack both fore imaginativeness and hind sight necessary for understanding the cur rent position of the organization. In ensuring an organization adopts the thinking and seeing style, consideration must become a part of the organizational devotes and culture. Reflection must be integrated in all the organizational activities because generation of organizational knowledge can be by by any member of the organization irrespective of the train or the location in which s/he operates.Reflection is therefore a play that involves spending critical conviction away from the normal work routine in which individual(a)s or groups think and interpret both personal or organization issues with the aim of getting preceding experiences and lessons that may benefit a present situation (Boud, Cressey and Docherty 2006). At the corporate level, organizations set retreat days for its module as well as look sessions so that staff can reflect on what their have achieved, the way they have performed, their compliance with the organization strategies, the challenges and threats they have faced as well as the experiences weaknesses and registered strengths. Reflection allows organization present ideas and front experiences into usable knowledge and actions. Reflection can be necessitated by personal experiences as well as organizational performance especially if the organization isnt meeting its set goals and objectives.Reflection process is very dependent on knowledge management because it deals with intangible assets that hire to be created and shared both inside and outside the organization to create a database of authoritative information and knowledge that can be utilized later to come up to challenges in the organization. Reflection starts with raw experiences which are analyzed to information then associated with relevant skills and values to become knowledge which is chief(prenominal) focus of many organizations. honourable like knowledge management, observance involves capture and identification of ideas, information or knowledge then distri buting it to appropriate individual within the organization leading to its covering in a particular situation in the organization. The sole purpose of aspect is to create important knowledge that any organization will need in its present or future performance. Reflection is also part of organizational learning that is a knowledge management facet intended to habilitate staff with important knowledge and skills that will improve the trading operations and performance of the organization.Greenwood (2000), notes that the success and growth of organizations is highly depended on learning and knowledge generation (p. 126). teaching in an organizational setting is not only limited to individual knowledge acquisition but also involves the combined learning abilities of all staff in that organization. Notably, individual learning is a subset and component of organization and without it, organizational learning wont exist. Organizational learning is a result of challenges that face empl oyees in their working activities thus initiation of learning and advancement in knowledge to solve such challenges. Though, challenges do not guarantee learning to occur, they combine with experiences to go out data and information which form the basis for learning.Generation of actions and problem solving are the key components of reprimand at the workplace. Organizational manifestation has presented required environment for self directed learning, action learning, problem and challenge based learning and to a greater extend the organizational learning (Reynolds and Vince 2004). Managers have noticed the extremity of verbalism in their organization and they acknowledge that failure to reflect in the organization is equal to inviting the collapse of the operation of the organization. However, organizations have failed in implementing thoughtfulness strategies such that execution processes that go beyond individual mandate and involve groups of members or the whole organizati on are not usually implemented thus flexile the use of organizational experience and limit implementation of expected actions.The application of reflection in organizational operations has received considerable attention in the last few decades. Organizations have created independent departments with adequate resources to enable reflection process to occur and to work on the results of the reflection processes. The increased attention to reflection has been triggered by recognition of learning and generation of knowledge as components of organizational productivity and performance. Though learning and generation of knowledge may not be the only factors that can contribute to organizational change and performance, they play an all-round function in ensuring that all other resources in the organization are well coordinated to sureize organizational goals.Reflection is therefore an important human process that involves reviewing and understanding past experiences then drawing lessons from them. Reflection is less cognise in work places and managers have little knowledge concerning its role and importance in the organization of activities and improving performance (Boud, Cressey and Docherty 2006). There have been fewer opportunities for the practice of reflection at work particularly because many organizations have not yet established the role that can be played by real and guided reflection. However, the 21st century has witnessed increasing concern and appreciation of the role that organizational reflection can play in fostering work results as well as improving employee learning. The recognition of reflection as an integral part of organizational management has triggered different kind of organizational learning and program line that are in line with the traditional processes of organizational learning.Boud, Cressey and Docherty (2006) point out that productive organizational reflection is an adoption of the general individual reflection that is rivet muc h on the use of past experience to generate important solution to present and future problems as well as promoting organizational readying and learning (p. 12). Productive organizational reflection has several important elements that combine to provide a structured system to guide generation and analysis of actions from experiences. Organizational intent and collective orientation element tries to create a distinction and a point of convergence between individual and organizational reflection. While previous reflections have focused on individual experience and generation of knowledge, productive organizational reflection is focused on collaborative review of experiences that lead to taking appropriate actions with and for other participants with an aim of benefiting the organization as well as the whole group involved in the pensive activity. Such reflection is done in a situation of the organization and must be incorporated and spoken language the target of the organization.Co llective reflection may be done at different levels of the organization depending on the organization management structure. Reflection may take place at the top management, middle management level, and low level or at the small working groups and this may happen internal or external to the organization. However, collective reflection always starts at individual level after which separate reflections are combined and actions drawn from them. This element of organizational reflection ensures the interests of the individual members, the workgroup and the organization are taken into consideration.The other element of organizational reflection is its importance in integrating knowledge, learning and work. Productive organizational reflection can occur in any location, but its always contain to the working activities and any reflections outside it wont be considered a practice of organizational reflection. Reflection is therefore triggered by work activities though there faculty be sele cted cases where importance and valuable reflection occur outside the context of working environment. Organizational reflection operates in the space that is created between the connections of work activities, the process of learning and generating knowledge. It therefore provides the link between knowledge acquisition and its production. Therefore, a productive organizational reflection will always seek to strike a balance between learning from past experiences to generate appropriate knowledge that will benefactor in improving the work activities.The relationship between the individual and organizational development is another controversial element of productive organizational reflection. Reflection in organization fosters both organizational and individual development. Organizational reflection has a developmental value to the organization and the staff because it has become part of the main organizational practices that are relied upon in designing solutions to present and futu re organizational problems while placing the staff at better positions to deal with organizational and individual challenges that may pose a thereat in future. Thus distinguishing individual from organizational reflection may be a challenge in cases where staff does not get special time to reflect on the organizational operations. Furthermore, organizational reflection is open, dynamic but unpredictable process because it can happen at anytime when organizations do not have procedures to guide the process of reflection. Just like other form of reflection, results of organizational reflection cannot be wholly predicated. In many instances, it doesnt yield the expected results but unintended consequences which may be used to address another organizational issue. This type of reflection is very dynamic in that a present successful refection may create an organizational barrier in future.Therefore, organizations rely on past experience to modify the future thinking and behavior of the o rganization through the ability to reflect on its previous operations by identifying past performances and activities (Kazi 2005). Organizational reflection is manifested though inquiry and evaluation that involves establishing problems, determining their meaning and developing appropriate solutions. According to (Kazi 2005) organization reflection is a wide process that involves conversion of explicit knowledge to tacit knowledge that produces interpretive knowledge necessary for enhancement of individual knowledge through revisiting everyday issues and problems (p. 121). Reflective practice isnt an individual process but an organizational procedure that requires individual members of an organization to learn and modify their actions that are vital for organizational mount up and performance.Reflection in organization is very important because of its contribution to individual learning which translates to organizational learning. Combination and sharing of individual learning is crucial to acknowledgement of organizational learning because individual learning may not present enough experience needed to tackle identified challenges facing an organization. However, some organization do not have appropriate standards that can facilitate sharing of knowledge and experiences especially when mechanisms for such sharing dont exist or the regulation of the organizations do not allow sharing or possibly if the staff do not know how to share such knowledge and experiences. Organizational management and particularly, the reflective manager must device and develop appropriate methods that can facilitate acquisition and sharing of organizational knowledge and experiences.The reflective manager in an organization is responsible for all processes and procedures involved in integrating and transfer of new knowledge, experiences, behavior and skills within and outside the organization. As such, the manager must prove to the employees that reflection is an important activit y that is all round and should involve every member of the organization. The manager must ensure that employees learn from previous mistakes, that they know what they think and timber as well as device procedures that will ensure that the employees understand and manage the barriers and challenges that face the organization and then develop strategies for future use through applying learned knowledge and skills. Reflective manager therefore provides appropriate environment for employees to focus on their past experiences as well as current activities that may help in generating required knowledge for use in the current organizational situation. As such, a reflective manager in an organization plays an important role in ensuring generation of knowledge and ideas from past experiences, repackaging of such experiences and ideas for the future use by the organization.Though many organizations have realized the value of reflection in their operations and the many stimuli that encourage reflection, there are equal detractors that hinder reflective practice. The most common challenge that faces organization in trying to use reflection in the management of their operation is the little time allocated for reflection and analysis. The lack of importance that may accrue from informed reflection is the main reason why many managers dont allocate sufficient time for employees to reflect on their experiences and establishes their failures. Organizations allocate very little or no time for their employees to reflect on their accomplishments and performance through individual thinking or group thinking. Many organizations spend most of the time making decisions, building strategies, training and orientations. Such activities must be accompanied by required information and knowledge so that expected results may be achieved. Reflection will therefore help in prior understanding of a particular task before such task is accomplished so that preparations can be made for evaluat e challenges and problems.Organizational reflection as opposed to individual reflection is a very pricy process not only on time assignation but also physical resources. For reflections to be productive, reflecting members must be in an appropriate environment that is free from the normal activities. Creating such an environment is quite expensive and organizations dont usually agree to organize staff retreats to quiet and conducive places that can ensure good results from reflection process. However, managers who have realized the real importance of reflection in their business operations create time and allocate adequate resources for the process of reflection as well as following out the results of such reflection sessionsAnother significant challenge that face application of reflection in an organization include poor communication systems that an organization uses especially if an organizations uses top-down communication system. The relationship among the individuals with the organizations, the relationships among different workgroups as well as the relationship between the organization and others hinders the creation of openness that is needed in the reflection process. The king of fear for uncertainty may also derail the process of reflection. Additionally, the style of management that an organization uses may affect reflection especially if the organization uses lordly style of management where control, leadership and power is centralized to a single individual or group in the organization.ConclusionReflection is a entangled and new organizational process that involves contemplation of tacit knowledge, explicit knowledge and experiences to create new information, knowledge and ideas that can be used to address a challenge within the organization. Through the reflection of the experiences and knowledge, learning capabilities of the staff are enhanced thus dealing with challenges and threats becomes easy for the organization because it has well info rmed and intentional staff. Therefore, reflection improves the organizational visualization of unexpected realities and results and how to react to them. Organizational reflection is currently gaining attention in many organizations as opposed to ancient time when it was considered to be of no value to the operations and performance of the organizations. Though there are more challenges facing application and implementation of reflection strategies in organizations, lordly progress in available which is indicated by the value that organizations attach to information and knowledge in accomplishing business activities and solving organizational challenges and problems.

Engineering Report: Household Appliances Refrigerator

Engineering Report Household Appliances iceboxEngineering Report Household Appliances Refrigerator Introduction- RefrigeratorAfter a long day at work, you come home, open your icebox and take out a nice cold drink. Ever wonder why it is so nice and cold? In this report, I will be explaining how the icebox came about. The main reason for any refrigerator is to accompaniment food/drinks cold as cold temperatures help have got food bright for longer. Main idea of the refrigerator is to s pocket-size down bacteria activity in the food so it takes longer to spoil.Brief munimentThe refrigerated coil was invented by Ibn Sina in the 11th Century. This was one of the essential advancements towards the modern refrigerator. The refrigerated coil was used to condense vapours. William Cullen went to the University of Glasgow and demonstrated the first soppy refrigeration system in 1748. He never did use his discovery for practical purposes though.1805, Oliver Evans designed the first re frigeration machine that didnt use liquid to quiet and instead used vapour to cool.1834, Jacob Parkins built the first Refrigeration machine for practical use.1844, John Gorrie built a refrigerator in 1844 based on the design of Oliver Evans. It was used to produce ice for cooling the air for the Yellow Fever patients at the time.The first practical use of the refrigerator for food was invented by James Harrison in 1857, In 1859, Ferdinand Carre used the same idea but made it more complex. He developed a system that use ammonia water for cooling instead of condense vapours. During 1876, Carl von Linden invented the Liquefying gas process which revolutionised the technology in the refrigerator. General Electric released the first refrigeration systems. Freon then used and marketed them as a lower toxicity alternative then the previous refrigerators in the early 1920s.The Refrigerator has changed majorly impacting the modern society and how food is being stored and kept fresh for lon ger periods of time. In the modern society, the refrigerator can be kept in many important places such as kitchens as well as offices and pharmacies.How it worksRefrigerators do something called the Vapor compression cycle The basic principle is to run cold liquid continuously around the object that needs to be cooled. This process will take heat out of the object.The refrigerator needs 5 crucial components, the fluid refrigerant, a compressor, the condenser coil, the evaporator coils and an expansion device.It all starts with the compressor. This controls the coalesce of the refrigerant, It raises its pressure and then pushes the refrigerant vapor into the coil on the outside of the refrigerator (normally the back).The hot gas will meet the normally cool temperatures of the kitchen which turns it into a medium heat liquid.The refrigerant now cools down as it flows into the coil inside the fridge and/or freezer.The refrigerant absorbs the heat given off from the objects inside. End s up resulting cooling down the air when everything is cooled to the max temperature.The refrigerant evaporates to a gas when exciting the refrigerator and back to the compressor.This process can be a round-the-clock process that can work up to 13 years nowadays.A diagram of how the refrigeration process Different Shapes and Types of RefrigeratorRefrigerators come in a variety of shapes and sizes, from basic to feature-rich models. Some famous designs are the followingTop Freezer RefrigeratorsA fridge that is designed to for a lot of storage in a fairly tight spot. It is a traditional fridge shape that is typically 80cm wide and can hold up to 622 litres of storage. This allows the wide swing of the openings and the low reach for the lower shelves and drawers.Bottom FreezerThese refrigerators/freezers typically range around 92 cm wide and has a capacity of 850 litres. The usable space is little than that compared of top-freezers but instead, your fridge shelves are easily scan-ab le. Only real downside of this is that you will have to dig down into your frozen goods.French DoorThe French door refrigerator has two narrow doors at the top and a freezer below. Typically, around 90cm wide. Usable space cannot be compared to the top-freezer models as the swing doors have the added jimmy of a lot more shelves on the doors. Most of these have the added in-door water and ice dispensers.Side-by-sideThis style has one side fridge and freezer on the other. Widths typically around 95 cm and holds roughly 850 litres in capacity. These narrow doors work well for small kitchens but they dont open wide enough for wide objects as each side is not that wide. But overall, not as energy or space efficient.Counter DepthThese have a lower write than other fridges made for blending in with the build-in cupboards and selves for an all-in-one look. They may look nicer with the styles of the kitchen but they generally offer little storage. These designs tend to be costlier than yo ur standard refrigerators.Compact Fridges little versions of the traditional refrigerators and generally for dorm rooms or home offices. They usually have no freezing capacity,Freezer-less RefrigeratorsAs the name states, this does not have a freezing compartment. Usually used for cooling fresh foods. Great option if you dont need to freeze a lot of foods or have a split freezing department.Refrigerator DrawersThese refrigerators hide under the countertop just like your washing machine. These can be pulled out and you to access fresh foods and perishables. Often seen in luxury apartment and kitchens and are normally expensive. Howe ever these cannot hold frozen foods and are not energy efficient.Wine and Cold drink coolersDesigned to glide by wine and cold drinks cooled. These could range from your small compartment fridge to your traditionally sized fridge to the full-sized fridge able to store hundreds of bottles. Modern designs are able to keep different wines at different set temperatures.Materials used/AnalysisThe doors of the refrigerator are typically made of Aluminium or steel sheets. Metal jumble on the outside does not only give the door its strength and rigidity but also supports the weight of the food in the door pockets. detachment between the inner and outer cabinets consists of fiberglass. Fiberglass is used due to its lightweight, extremely strong and also a robust metal. Typically, far less brittle and less expensive. Components of the cooling system are typically made from aluminium, copper, or an alloy. Tubing is usually copper due to the metals ability to bend without breaking. Freon remains one of the intimately commonly used refrigerant. Freon is a stable, non-flammable, moderately toxic gasses/liquid. Most interior features such as cabinet liners or doors are made from a vacuumed-formed credit card because of its price for the strength it provides.ConclusionNot many improvements for the refrigerator could be changed in this time. R esearch has shown the outperform properties for each section of the refrigerator at the best price. Modern day refrigerators compared to the olden day ones are much more better designed and more powerful while energy efficient. The modern-day refrigerator has been tested safer, more energy efficient and stronger than it has ever been. Many materials were tested for best efficacy before designed and up for sale.BibliographyHow refrigerator is made material, making, used, parts, components, steps, machine. 2017. How refrigerator is made material, making, used, parts, components, steps, machine. ONLINE Available at http//www.madehow.com/Volume-1/Refrigerator.html. Accessed 20 March 2017.eBay. 2017. What Are all the Different Types of Refrigerators? eBay. ONLINE Available at http//www.ebay.com/gds/What-Are-all-the-Different-Types-of-Refrigerators-/10000000177628294/g.html. Accessed 20 March 2017.Real Simple. 2017. How Does a Refrigerator Work? Real Simple. ONLINE Available at https //www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/tools-products/appliances/how-does-refrigerator-work. Accessed 20 March 2017.HowStuffWorks. 2017. The Purpose of Refrigeration How Refrigerators Work HowStuffWorks. ONLINE Available at http//home.howstuffworks.com/refrigerator1.htm. Accessed 20 March 2017.

How Self-Motivation can Create a Positive Impact on Your Life?

How Self-Motivation can Create a Positive Impact on Your Life?IntroductionSelf-motivation is a demonstrate whitherin a person develop ship canal on how to keep his or her self motivated at all times despite challenging times and without direct help from other people. Experts conjecture that self-motivation is a very important factor in a persons life because this ordain help him or her see things in a positive way. This will also enable him or her to overcome challenges by developing an attitude that could withstand trials and failures.If one is able to develop a good outlook in life, everything will start falling into their proper places. In fact, he or she might scour be surprised of the things that were able to accomplished in that swing of time.THE ABCs OF SELF MOTIVATIONIf you ar one of those who have salutary defecated the importance of self-motivation and would compliments to start it but you just dont screw how, here are some of the things that can help youRe-assess yourself. Many people think that they know themselves already that is why they decline to do self-assessment regularly. Experts say that these people dont realize that the more that they decline doing self-reassessment, the more that they get stuck to their own routine which leaves them lesser room for improvement. If you want to start with constant self-motivation, it is best that you know yourself very well. If you know yourself well, you will know your weaknesses as well as your strengths.Once you were able to identify all of these, it will be easier for you to cast goals for yourself that are within your upset and your capabilities. Knowing ones self will also enable you to take note of your weaknesses and find ways on how to overcome, manage, and deal with them. The same works for your strengths because you might even find a way on how to improve them. Start with small and simple goals. Dont put too much pressure on yourself. If you are just starting with self-motivation, it will be best if you start small and simple so you wont feel defeat when you werent able to meet the standards you have set for yourself. If you start with small and simple things, you are giving yourself the chance to accomplish bigger things ahead. Keep drop behind of your progress. Monitoring how well or bad you are doing will help you maneuver things that find ways that would best work for you. For a person who is just starting with his or her self-motivation process, it is best to keep track of how you are doing so you will know where are the areas that you should improve on and what are the things that you should continue doing. Find time to share and help others. Self-motivation is a process that indirectly involves other people for it to be successful. If you think you are doing well at your own pace, it would help if you find time to share the experience as well as the ideas to others so you will influence them. If the people-especially those that matter to you-see that yo u are doing good and self-motivation is creating a big impact in your life, they would even might want to try the same thing that you are doing.

Shakespeares Hamlet - Polonius :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Hamlets Polonius Gunnar Boklund in Judgment in Hamlet gives an boilersuit evaluation of the personality of Polonius in Shakespeares tragic drama, Hamlet Of the minor weeds which disturb Hamlet, Polonius is the most troublesome. We know that his advice to Ophelia and Laertes closely parallels the wisdom that eminently expert Elizabethan fathers bestowed on their children prudence was a more commendable virtue in the Renaissance than now, and the sentiment of This above all, to thine own self be avowedly remains, I should hope, unexceptionable today. But Polonius prudence, loyalty to the King, and pitiful death in his service do not make him the good old man that the pansy sees in him. He is a gentleman of the situation who, for his own and his masters purposes, manipulates human beings, including his own children, and who does not even do it very well. (122) This bear witness will evaluate and interpret the character of this wise, old father of Ophelia and Laertes. Polonius e ntry into the play occurs at the social get-together of the royal court. Claudius has already been crowned Queen Gertrude is thither Hamlet is present in the black clothes of mourning. When Laertes approaches Claudius to give his farewell before returning to school, the king asks Polonius Have you your fathers intrust? What says Polonius? And the father dutifully answers He hath, my lord, wrung from me my slow leave By laboursome petition, and at last Upon his will I seald my hard consent I do beseech you, give him leave to go. (1.2) So right at the outset the reader/viewer respects the lord chamberlain as a very fluent spokesman of the language, and respectful of his superior, the king. Later, in Polonius house, Laertes is taking leave of his sister, Ophelia, and, in the process, giving her conservative advice regarding her boyfriend, Hamlet. Quietly Polonius enters and begins to advise Laertes regarding life away from home Give thy thoughts no tongue, Nor any unproportion ed thought his act. Be thou familiar, barely by no means vulgar. Those friends thou hast, and their adoption tried, Grapple them to thy soul with hoops of steel But do not dull thy palm with entertainment Of each new-hatchd, unfledged comrade. Beware Of entrance to a quarrel, but being in,

The Downfall of Communism in Eastern and Central Europe :: Government Essays

The Downfall of communism in Eastern and telephone exchange Europe The shocking fall of communism in Eastern and Central Europe in thelate eighties was curious for both its rapidity and its scope. Thespecifics of communisms demise varied among nations, but similarities inboth the causes and the effect of these revolutions were quite similar. As well, all of the nations involved shared the common goals ofimplementing democratic systems of government and moving to marketeconomies. In each of these nations, the communist regimes in indicator wereforced to transfer that power to radically different institutions than theywere accustomed to. republic had been spreading throughout the world forthe preceding two decades, but with a very important difference. periodprevious political transitions had seen similar circumstances, the actualevents in question had generally occurred individually. In Europe, on theother hand, the shift from communism was winning place in a differe ntcontext altogether. The peoples involved were non looking to affect anarrow set of policy reforms indeed, what was at postal service was a hyper-radicalshift from the long-held communist ideology to a western outline forgovernmental and economic policy development. The problem inherent in thistype of massive change is that, according to Ulrich K. Preuss, Inal well-nigh all the East and Central European countries, the collapse ofauthoritarian communist rule has released national, ethnic, religious andcultural conflicts which scum bag not be solved by purely economic policies(47). While tremendous changes are evident in both the governmental andeconomic arenas in Europe, these changes cannot be assumed to always bemutually reinforcing (Preuss 47). Generally it has been theorized thatthe most successful manner of addressing these many difficulties is thedrafting of a constitution. But what is clear is the unsatisfyingability of a constitution to remedy the problems of nati onalism and ethnicdifferences. Preuss notes that when the thoroughgoing nation gained favorin North America, it was reared on the principle of the unitary state itwas not designed to address the lack of national identity which is foundthroughout Europe - and which is counter to the concept of theconstitutional state (48). Measured in terms of socioeconomicmodernization, writes Helga A. Welsh, Central and Eastern Europeancountries had reached a direct that was considered conducive to theemergence of pluralistic policies (19). It seemed that the sole reasonthe downfall of communism, as it were, took so long was the veto power ofthe Soviet Union. According to theories of modernization, the higher theThe Downfall of Communism in Eastern and Central Europe Government EssaysThe Downfall of Communism in Eastern and Central Europe The shocking fall of communism in Eastern and Central Europe in thelate eighties was remarkable for both its rapidity and its scope. Thespecifics of communisms demise varied among nations, but similarities inboth the causes and the effects of these revolutions were quite similar. As well, all of the nations involved shared the common goals ofimplementing democratic systems of government and moving to marketeconomies. In each of these nations, the communist regimes in power wereforced to transfer that power to radically different institutions than theywere accustomed to. Democracy had been spreading throughout the world forthe preceding two decades, but with a very important difference. Whileprevious political transitions had seen similar circumstances, the actualevents in question had generally occurred individually. In Europe, on theother hand, the shift from communism was taking place in a differentcontext altogether. The peoples involved were not looking to affect anarrow set of policy reforms indeed, what was at stake was a hyper-radicalshift from the long-held communist ideology to a western blueprint forgovernmental a nd economic policy development. The problem inherent in thistype of monumental change is that, according to Ulrich K. Preuss, Inalmost all the East and Central European countries, the collapse ofauthoritarian communist rule has released national, ethnic, religious andcultural conflicts which can not be solved by purely economic policies(47). While tremendous changes are evident in both the governmental andeconomic arenas in Europe, these changes cannot be assumed to always bemutually reinforcing (Preuss 47). Generally it has been theorized thatthe most successful manner of addressing these many difficulties is thedrafting of a constitution. But what is clear is the unsatisfactoryability of a constitution to remedy the problems of nationalism and ethnicdifferences. Preuss notes that when the constitutional state gained favorin North America, it was founded on the principle of the unitary state itwas not designed to address the lack of national identity which is foundthroughout E urope - and which is counter to the concept of theconstitutional state (48). Measured in terms of socioeconomicmodernization, writes Helga A. Welsh, Central and Eastern Europeancountries had reached a level that was considered conducive to theemergence of pluralistic policies (19). It seemed that the sole reasonthe downfall of communism, as it were, took so long was the veto power ofthe Soviet Union. According to theories of modernization, the higher the