Cyber Security And The Future Of National Security

MEMO TO: PROF. GABRIEL MARGOLIS FROM: TOBIAS BATTS SUBJECT: CYBER SECURITY AND THE FUTURE OF NATIONAL SECURITY DATE: 4/4/2016 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: This memorandum is written to reveal the vulnerabilities of the current state of the United States’ cyber security. It will also specify policy options that can be taken in order to improve the current policy. Cyber security focuses on protecting computers, networks, databases, and programs from unauthorized access or change. Changes need to be made in cyber security as soon as possible if the United States wants to be secure. Informational technology is difficult to secure because of many different factors: the attacks do not have to occur at the location of the attack, so they can happen from anywhere worldwide, there is little co-operation between existing cyber security groups, and it is difficult to find vulnerabilities and patch them before an attack. One pressing matter in cyber security now is infrastructure, such as power plants, which runs on old technology that is susceptible to complex attacks by hackers. Many actors, including government, individual groups, and businesses all spend time dealing with, or paying for a lack of, cyber security. A safer way to deal with these problems would be to co-operate, as these attacks could cause harm or disrupt businesses. In the worst case scenario, millions of dollars’ worth of information could be stolen or destroyed. These problems highlight the critical need for an improvedShow MoreRelatedTop Three Trends in your profession and associated indust ry Annotated Bibliography1499 Words   |  6 PagesThe top three trends in the Cyber Security field are salary, career advancement, and the need for predictions of the future in how information is exchanged. Cyber-crimes are becoming more popular and because of the many attacks that are happening much more frequently it has caused for a higher demand in cyber security professionals. Companies spend millions of dollars to correct security breaches within their organization. Back in 2008 the salary range for IT security professionals were in the $80Read MoreDefence Policy And Military Strategy1134 Words   |  5 Pagesstrategies. For the military, an overhaul of the whole concept of Defence has gradually changed as cyber security is streamlined into defence policy coupled with economic influence and globalisation. ‘In the military, information and intelligence operations, routine administrative functions, and a wide array of everyday jobs have been increasingly developed and transformed with the support of interconnected electro-electronic devices’ . 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Thus, the U.S cannot ignore the devastation that could ensue from an attack by a nation-state, cyber terrorist, or hacker. As discussed in the 2014 Quadrennial Homeland Security Review, the number of CIKR systems that depend on the Internet or data processing networks for seamless operations are increasingRead MoreBuilding And Maintain A Cyber Operations Force1394 Words   |  6 Pagesmaintain a cyber operations force: The Department of Defense requires personnel to be trained to the highest standards and have the highest quality technology available to them in order to operate effectively. To this end the Department of Defense initiated the Cyber Mission Force in 2013 (â€Å"Department of Defense Cyber Strategy,† 2015). 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The National Crime Agency formed in Oct 2013 toRead MoreCyber Terrorism1716 Words   |  7 Pagesthat Bank of America was the victim of a cyber terrorism attack; although no definitive evidence is available to substantiate that claim.   Cyber terror attacks pose a threat against the national security of the United States. In order to fully comprehend the threat that cyber terrorism poses, it is essential to understand the background, the effects, the reality of the threat and the future of cyber terrorism. This assessment examines the reality of the cyber terrorism threat, and also questions itsRead MoreThe United States National Security Strategies1398 Words   |  6 PagesTHE UNITED STATES NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGIES Earlier this year, the White House published its National Security Strategy, this lengthy document provides detailed safety instructions aimed at guiding security measures for the President and his administration, a strategy which lasts for the duration of the presidency. The need for outlined security measures is a direct result of the many challenges that the United States and its allies are facing today. By creating this document, the White HouseRead MorePublic Health And National Security1421 Words   |  6 Pages An Overview of Potential National Security Threats Public Health and National Security: Assessing Potential Threats Identifying the primary threat to U.S. national security interests is a difficult task given the pervasiveness of multiple threats of these kinds. Indeed, a number of unique threats have emerged in recent years. A variety of non-traditional concerns regarding U.S. national security should become important issues in the years ahead, and issues of theseRead MoreAmerica And Its Homeland Security Online Essay1587 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica and Its Homeland Security Online Abstract: Everyday security is provided by the states and federal government. These tasks get more difficult as new technology introduces itself. Cybersecurity is one of the most popular security sectors in today’s world. There is not only cyberbullying going on in the world. Terrorism can be planned and sent from person to person over the internet. People’s identities are being stole to help carry out these terrorist acts and this is just the being of it

The Persian Gulf War And The Arab War - 1365 Words

Persian Gulf War A brief history of the middle east and the nation of Iraq prior to the Persian Gulf War will help explain why the Persian Gulf War was viewed as necessary by the allied countries. The formation of a coalition of countries, the use of innovative military equipment, and strategic military operations helped the allied forces secure victory in the Persian Gulf War. The effects of this victory and subsequent conflict have changed our world as we know it. The Persian Gulf is one of the oldest known trade routes in the world. Conflict is a major issue in that region also. Oil is a part of the reason there is conflict. Great Britain used to control Iraq because of the oil in the nation. Iraq has been a nation with copious amounts of border conflicts and wars. Saddam Hussein, who supported the Ba athist party, assumed the role of president of Iraq in 1979. In September 1980, Saddam Hussein ordered his troops into Iran oil fields, thus starting the Iraq-Iran war; another Iraq i conflict; in which Saddam Hussein was fighting Iranian leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a ShÄ «ÃŠ ¿ite who disliked Saddam Hussein. (â€Å"Saddam Hussein†) Saddam Hussein could be classified as brutal leader, as he warred against the ethnic groups the Kurds, and the ShÄ «ÃŠ ¿ites. He used biological and chemical weapons while fighting, and continued to build up his military. (â€Å"Saddam Hussein†) In 1990, he accused Kuwait of drilling Iraq’s crude oil. Hussein also blamed Kuwait and other surroundingShow MoreRelatedU.s. Involvement During The Persian Gulf War1374 Words   |  6 Pages1st Persian Gulf War â€Å"One of the good things about the way the Gulf War ended in 1991 is, you d see the Vietnam veterans marching with the Gulf War veterans† (George H. W. Bush). 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The war began when Iraq invaded Iran, simultaneously launching an invasion by air and land into Iranian territory on SeptemberRead MoreThe Battle Of Khorramshahr And The War1412 Words   |  6 Pagesthat kicked off the Iran-Iraq war, was a predominately wealthy, upper class city with a population of over 200,000 people. The once cosmopolitan city, Khorramshahr, became known as Khuninshahr, the ‘City of Blood’, because of the violent conditions and number of casualties suffered in the city. Most of the Iraq-Iran war took place just inside the borders of both countries and in the Persian Gulf. A truce was called on July 20, 1988 after nearly eight years of war. Iran accepted a United NationsRead MoreAnalytical Failure Of Iraq During Persian Gulf War1599 Words   |  7 PagesIraq in Persian Gulf War Affiliation Student’s Name â€Æ' Introduction Failures analysis is the process of gathering data and information in order to find the cause of failure especially when the goal had been set. Analytical failure of war, on the other hand, is failures by decision making bodies to make appropriate decision which will lead to victory. This failures occurs when military and political leaders come up with war strategies which when implemented leads to failures or losses. War analyticalRead MoreThe Iran Iraq War1566 Words   |  7 Pageswhich made it the longest conventional war of the 20th century. The consequence of the war cost billions of dollars and millions of lives. The result of the war, although stalemate would be a critical factor that would shape the future of the Middle East. The historical deep-rooted hostile relationship that emanated from the ethnic Arab-Persian and religious Sunni- Shi’ite tensions between the two neighbouring countries contributed to the conditions necessary for war. Although many historians and scholarsRead MoreIraq War Between Iran And Iraq1405 Words   |  6 PagesIraq, the two most powerful states in the Persian Gulf, had boarder disputes dating back to 1501, Iraq has always had a long history of conflicts with its neighboring countries but none more conspicuously than Iran. Historians believe that the forty battles of the Iran- Iraq war were fought because of territorial and government disputes. After e ight long years, the Iran- Iraq war was adequately more than people had every imagined it to be. The bitter war devastated both countries and left many withRead MoreIII. Dependence of the Gulf states on external security guarantees The previous part of the1200 Words   |  5 PagesIII. Dependence of the Gulf states on external security guarantees The previous part of the essay mostly focused on internal political dimensions of instability and conflict in the Arab part of the Gulf. Other factors of instability in the Gulf belong to the systemic level of the Gulf subregion. One of these factors is the existing regional security architecture, which fosters dependence on the U.S. to provide means of defence and deterrence. Part of the issue is that U.S. security guaranteesRead MoreHistory Is Filled With Wars1502 Words   |  7 Pages​History is filled with wars. Wars are one among the foremost attention grabbing, nevertheless the scariest, aspects of history. If there have been no wars, the globe would be terribly totally different. One will agree that we have a tendency to learn our mistakes from wars. However, history is understood for continuation itself. There for, there are continuously new problems and conflicts that result in wars. It’s a part of attribute to disagree most things for numerous reasons. After all, everyoneRead MoreThe Gulf Cooperation Council Essay1709 Words   |  7 PagesAthbi Al-Subaie Methodology Final INS 611 The Militarization of the Gulf Cooperation Council to Deter Threats How Fear Shapes the Future of the Region Introduction: The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Peninsula Shield Force expresses the principle to protect against any political turmoil or security infringement in any GCC part state. The Peninsula Shield Force depends on the standard of group and coordinated security and barrier, with each GCC part state promising to ensure and protect the commonRead MoreA Brief Look at the Persian Gulf War1479 Words   |  6 PagesPersian Gulf War, also called Gulf War, (1990–91), international conflict that was triggered by Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990. Iraq’s leader, Saddam Hussein, ordered the invasion and occupation of Kuwait with the apparent aim of acquiring that nation’s large oil reserves, canceling a large debt Iraq owed Kuwait, and expanding Iraqi power in the region1. The Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein claimed as a reason for the invasion a territorial dispute over the Shatt al-Arab, the waterway which

The Essential Nile Essay Example For Students

The Essential Nile Essay The Essential NileMany features of civilization have evolved over time to become what onecommonly thinks of as civilized society. The development of government andwriting in the classical civilization of Egypt can be credited to thereliability of the Nile River. The Nile was a source of unification andcentralization in the Egyptian society, helping in the development of governmentand writing with the growth of surpluses. The Nile River, because of its predictable cycles, unified andcentered the Egyptian society. Because of its predictability , the Nilecreated a stable agriculture.All the Egyptians needed to do was to putseeds in the mud, have pigs trample the seeds down into the ground, and when thetime came, harvest the crop. Essentially, the river was important to the well-being of the cities, and was a vital source for irrigation. Not only did theriver provide a steady flow of water, its flooding also provided fertile silt. Planted in this fertile soil, crops grew abundantly and allowed for thefacilitation and development of surpluses. Beginning about 5000 B.C.E., farming had already been instituted alongthe banks of the Nile. But it wasnt until later (3200 B.C.E.) that realagricultural advances occurred. Encouraged by the stability of their farming,the Egyptians were able to develop surpluses in the area. This abundance (whichallowed for the evolution and advancement of culture because it encouraged morepeople to specialize in crafts other than farming) led to a division of labor,and then to social stratification. The improvement of agricultural methods alsoled to the enlargement of cities. This enlargement then led to the need forbureaucracy and administration, and eventually toward the advent of writing. Writing, a very important aspect of daily life, was a pre-condition for a moreformal government. In brief, the flooding of the Nile river made agriculture easy for theEgyptians who came to depend on its unfailing waters. Many of the greatfeatures of civilization, primarily the development of more formal governmentand the beginnings of writing, can be traced back to the surpluses brought aboutby the Nile.

Sociological View of Family

Introduction Through the evaluation of the historical and current perceptions of families, this essay evaluates the sociological view of the family unit. To achieve this goal, this paper explores the sociological concepts, theories, and historical basis of the family unit to explain its purpose in the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sociological View of Family specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In detail, this paper explores important issues concerning the family, such as, what families are supposed to do, the public and private purposes of family, and how the societal perceptions of families, as private and public goods, have evolved throughout the years. However, to have a better grasp of these issues, it is important to understand the family in focus – first family of America. First family of the United States (US) The 44th president of America, Barack Obama, currently heads the first family of t he United States (US). Michelle Obama is the wife of the president and by virtue of matrimonial relationship; she is the first lady of the US. Barack and Michelle Obama have only two children, Malia Obama and Sasha Obama. Because of the public attention that most people give the first family, this paper uses this social unit to explain the social significance of the family through the postmodern theory and the symbolic interaction theory Symbolic Interaction Theory Max Weber developed the symbolic interaction theory by saying the perception of people regarding their environment informs their behavioral ideas and social approvals (social construction) (Crossman, 2013, p. 1). His idea was informed by the fact that the actions of most people usually depend on their understanding of the meaning of the world. Many researchers have touted this understanding as an important component of the sociological framework theory because it explains the premise that most sociologists use to understa nd social interactions (Crossman, 2013). The symbolic interaction theory is central to the understanding of the first family because the first family is symbolic of the highest status of a family unit in America. Based on this high social standing that the first family enjoys in America, the symbolic interaction theory helps to explain the subjective meanings that most people attribute to such a symbolic social unit. Understanding people’s subjective meanings, in this context, is essential to the understanding of the first family because Crossman (2013) says, people base their opinions on what they believe is right, and not what is objectively true.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Even though the symbolic interaction theory is a major framework of the sociological theory, some pundits say that the theory does not address the macro-understanding of social interactions (Cro ssman, 2013). In other words, these critics claim the symbolic interaction theory fails to capture the â€Å"big picture† of human interactions. The reason behind this criticism is the belief that many proponents of the symbolic interaction theory prefer to use social forces to explain human interaction, which is a wrong approach, according to the critics (Crossman, 2013). Postmodern Theory Similar to the symbolic interaction theory, the postmodern theory also explains the existence of the first family in a more intricate manner than other theories do. Through the understanding of life conditions that inform modern society, the postmodern theory explains the historical underpinnings that led to the creation of the first family, especially after the 20th century (Milner, 2013). A significant component of this narration, which directly explains the creation and the symbolism of the first family, is the ubiquity of mass media and the mass provision of goods and services, as a ke y component of postmodernism. Through a pragmatic understanding of this relationship, it is easy to see how the first family is a symbolic depiction of the shift from manufacturing to service economies (in the postmodern period). Stated differently, the first family represents a symbol of governance which is supposed to provide services to the electorate. Therefore, as the electorate votes for the president, they expect his/her government to provide them with services. The first family therefore sits in the Whitehouse, not as a symbol of adoration, but as a hallmark of services to the American public. To further elaborate this conception, it is also important to include the component of postmodernism – mass media – that elevates the position of the first family in the American society. Through mass media, the activities of the Obamas are always under public scrutiny. Media outlets represent the family as a symbol of social construction. Consequently, their activities, relationships, and behaviors are always presented to Americans. Mass media therefore play an instrumental role in promoting the profile of the first family.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sociological View of Family specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Regardless of the role of the postmodern theory in understanding the first family, some critics say the postmodern theory lacks crucial characteristics of a reliable theory because it is only partly representative of the modern project (Milner, 2013). This group of critics also believes that postmodernism lacks the ability to grow because postmodernism is a phase that may disappear as the world develops (Milner, 2013). Nonetheless, most of the criticism advanced against the postmodern theory stems from people who do not support modernism, or its antecedents, in the first place. Public and Private Purposes of Families Cherlin (2013) conceives families as having two ma in purposes – private and public purposes. People may understand the private purpose of the family through the understanding of the way most people live their daily lives. Through this understanding, the private purpose of the family includes the comprehension of private and intimate personal issues regarding family-life, like how many children to have, when to marry, and similar concerns (Ross, 2006). It is easy to understand the public purpose of life through the way most families manage larger social issues like generational substitution and care for senior citizens. In the same lens of analysis, people may understand the public purposes of family through the effect of government policies on family (Cherlin, 2013). Through the above understanding of private and public purposes of life, it is crucial to say that some of the most common private purposes of the family include socialization (learning right and wrong) and protection (where parents protect their children from ha rm). A common public purpose of family is procreation (the continuation of the human species) (Cherlin, 2013) (family purposes are however not limited to these issues). Evolution of Conceptions of Family as a Private and Public Good There has been a great transition in the conceptions of the family as a private and public good. One area of distinction between the historical and modern conception of the family is the limitation of observing family behavior. According to Ross (2006), the limited control of observing families is only a new trend that emerged in the 21st century. History shows that the access to social institutions that many people consider to be private today was more open in the colonial days than today (Laslett, 1973). A common consequence for the evolution of the family as a private institution is the increased control of audiences that observe families. The differentiation between the family as a private and public good stems from the distinction between work and f amily responsibilities. This development hinges on the start and spread of the industrial revolution (Laslett, 1973).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Three major developments have changed the conception of families across time. One such development is the evolution of the family from the extended family to the nuclear family. As explained by Cancian (1990), this development has also led to the growth of companionship, as opposed to the comfort and protection that traditional family institutions provided. The modern period has also led to the loss of family functions because people are more mobile and disintegrated (in association) compared to the colonial days. In the past, the association with a family tree (say a powerful family) was a great symbol of power and wealth (Laslett, 1973). However, most aspects of this association have been broken down by modernity. Family members are therefore more individualistic. Therefore, gaining power by virtue of association does not always carry the day. Broadly, families today have become smaller and more private as more people demand exclusivity. Conclusion Based on the findings of this pa per, it is correct to say that our perceptions of families have evolved over the centuries. Today, many families are â€Å"private goods,† as opposed to traditional institutions of social focus. Indeed, the trend today shows that many families are becoming more private and exclusive, as opposed to the pre-colonial and colonial days when public scrutiny on families was more acceptable. Therefore, unless people regard certain families as â€Å"public goods† (like the first family); there is little acceptable scrutiny on modern families. The shift of the family as a public institution informs why there is a trend towards accepting families for their private purposes (like same-sex marriages for personal happiness), as opposed to public purposes, like procreation. References Cancian, F. (1990). Love in America: Gender and Self-Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cherlin, A. (2013). Public and Private Families: An Introduction, 7th ed. McGraw-Hill: New York. Crossman, A. (2013). Symbolic Interaction Theory. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/symbolic-interaction-theory-3026633 Laslett, B. (1973). The Family as a Public and Private Institution: An Historical Perspective. Journal of Marriage and Family, 35(3), 480-492. Milner, M. (2013). Postmodernism and sociology: Can solidarity and be a substitute for objectivity? Virginia: University of Virginia. Ross, S. (2006). American Families Past And Present: Social Perspectives on  Transformations. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. This essay on Sociological View of Family was written and submitted by user Travis Golden to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.